#  88(R) HB 2837 - House Committee Report version - Bill Text 

 

    Details     Category: [Legislation](/research/legislation)     Last Updated: Monday, April 24th 2023  - [ Ammunition ](/content-tags/ammunition)
 
  ![88(R) HB 2837 - House Committee Report version - Bill Text](https://cdn.carry-texas.com/images/pexels-alex-kviatkouski-6312998.webp)    - [88(R) HB 2837 - House Committee Report version - Bill Text](https://capitol.texas.gov/tlodocs/88R/billtext/html/HB02837H.htm)
 


Relating to prohibiting a person or entity from surveilling, reporting, or tracking the purchase of firearms, ammunition, and accessories through the use of certain merchant category codes; imposing a civil penalty.

<https://capitol.texas.gov/tlodocs/88R/billtext/html/HB02837H.htm>

 |  | 88R23301 SHH-F |
|---|---|
|  |
|  | By: Schaefer, Capriglione, Noble, et al. | H.B. No. 2837 |
|  |
|  | Substitute the following for H.B. No. 2837: |
|  |
|  | By: Capriglione | C.S.H.B. No. 2837 |

 |  |
|---|
|  |
|  | A BILL TO BE ENTITLED |
|  | AN ACT |
|  | relating to prohibiting a person or entity from surveilling, |
|  | reporting, or tracking the purchase of firearms, ammunition, and |
|  | accessories through the use of certain merchant category codes; |
|  | imposing a civil penalty. |
|  | BE IT ENACTED BY THE LEGISLATURE OF THE STATE OF TEXAS: |
|  | SECTION 1. This Act may be cited as the Second Amendment |
|  | Financial Privacy Act. |
|  | SECTION 2. The legislature finds that: |
|  | (1) The Second Amendment to the United States |
|  | Constitution guarantees the people the right to keep and bear arms; |
|  | (2) Section 23, Article I, of the Texas Constitution |
|  | provides that "Every citizen shall have the right to keep and bear |
|  | arms in the lawful defence of himself or the State"; |
|  | (3) In September 2022, the International Organization |
|  | for Standardization (ISO), based in Switzerland, approved a new |
|  | merchant category code for firearm and ammunition merchants; |
|  | (4) In a letter to payment card networks, federal |
|  | lawmakers stated that the new merchant category code for firearms |
|  | retailers would be ". . . the first step towards facilitating the |
|  | collection of valuable financial data that could help law |
|  | enforcement in countering the financing of terrorism efforts," |
|  | expressing a clear government expectation that payment card |
|  | networks will utilize the new merchant category code to conduct |
|  | mass surveillance of constitutionally protected firearms and |
|  | ammunition purchases in cooperation with law enforcement; |
|  | (5) The new merchant category code will allow banks, |
|  | payment card networks, acquirers, and other entities involved in |
|  | payment card processing to identify and separately track lawful |
|  | payment card purchases at firearms retailers in this state, paving |
|  | the way for unprecedented surveillance of Second Amendment activity |
|  | and information sharing between financial institutions and the |
|  | government; |
|  | (6) This potential for cooperative surveillance and |
|  | tracking of lawful firearms and ammunition purchases will have a |
|  | significant chilling effect on citizens wishing to exercise their |
|  | federal and state constitutional rights to keep and bear arms in |
|  | this state; |
|  | (7) While federal law requires some financial |
|  | institutions to report transactions that are highly indicative of |
|  | money laundering or other unlawful activities, there is no federal |
|  | or state law authorizing financial institutions to surveil and |
|  | track lawful activities by customers in cooperation with law |
|  | enforcement; |
|  | (8) The creation or maintenance of records of |
|  | purchases of firearms or ammunition or the tracking of sales made by |
|  | a retailer of firearms or ammunition by a nongovernmental entity, |
|  | including a financial institution, without a substantial and |
|  | historical business need or a requirement imposed by law, may |
|  | frustrate the right to keep and bear arms and violate the reasonable |
|  | privacy rights of lawful purchasers of firearms or ammunition; and |
|  | (9) Based on the above stated findings, it is the |
|  | intent of the legislature to prohibit the misuse of payment card |
|  | processing systems to surveil, report, or otherwise discourage |
|  | constitutionally protected firearm and ammunition purchases within |
|  | this state. |
|  | SECTION 3. Title 12, Business &amp; Commerce Code, is amended by |
|  | adding Chapter 610 to read as follows: |
|  | CHAPTER 610. UNAUTHORIZED TRANSACTION CATEGORIZATION |
|  | Sec. 610.001. DEFINITIONS. In this chapter: |
|  | (1)  "Electronic payment transaction" means a |
|  | transaction in which a person uses a payment card or other payment |
|  | code or device issued or approved through a payment card network to |
|  | debit a deposit account or use a line of credit, whether |
|  | authorization is based on a signature, personal identification |
|  | number, or other means. |
|  | (2)  "Firearms code" means any merchant category code |
|  | approved by the International Organization for Standardization for |
|  | a firearms retailer, including Merchant Category Code 5723. |
|  | (3)  "Firearms retailer" means any person or entity |
|  | engaged in the sale of firearms, ammunition for use in firearms, or |
|  | firearms accessories. |
|  | (4)  "Payment card" means a credit card, debit card, |
|  | check card, or other card that is issued to an authorized user to |
|  | purchase or obtain goods, services, money, or any other thing of |
|  | value. |
|  | (5)  "Payment card issuer" means a lender, including a |
|  | financial institution, or a merchant that receives applications and |
|  | issues payment cards to individuals. |
|  | (6)  "Payment card network" means an entity that |
|  | directly or through a licensed member, processor, or agent provides |
|  | the proprietary services, infrastructure, and software that route |
|  | information and data to conduct debit card or credit card |
|  | transaction authorization, clearance, and settlement, and that an |
|  | entity uses in order to accept as a form of payment a brand of debit |
|  | card, credit card, or other device that may be used to carry out |
|  | debit or credit transactions. |
|  | Sec. 610.002.  UNAUTHORIZED CATEGORIZATION OF CERTAIN |
|  | TRANSACTIONS. (a) A person or entity involved in facilitating or |
|  | processing an electronic payment transaction, including a payment |
|  | card issuer or payment card network, may not assign to a merchant or |
|  | require a merchant to use a firearms code. |
|  | (b)  For the purposes of the sale of firearms, ammunition for |
|  | use in firearms, and firearms accessories, a firearms retailer may |
|  | not provide a firearms code to a payment card issuer or payment card |
|  | network and may only use or be assigned a merchant category code for |
|  | general merchandise retailers or sporting goods retailers. Any |
|  | agreement or contractual provision to the contrary is void. |
|  | (c)  A payment card issuer or payment card network shall |
|  | notify the payment card holder in writing on every occasion that a |
|  | firearms code is assigned to an electronic payment transaction on |
|  | the payment card holder's account. |
|  | Sec. 610.003.  INVESTIGATIVE AUTHORITY OF ATTORNEY GENERAL. |
|  | (a) If the attorney general has reasonable cause to believe that a |
|  | person or entity has engaged in, is engaging in, or is about to |
|  | engage in a violation of this chapter, the attorney general shall |
|  | issue a civil investigative demand. The procedures established for |
|  | the issuance of a civil investigative demand under Section 15.10 |
|  | apply to the same extent and manner to the issuance of a civil |
|  | investigative demand under this section. |
|  | (b)  The attorney general may request, pursuant to a civil |
|  | investigative demand issued under Subsection (a), that a person or |
|  | entity disclose any data that is relevant to an investigation |
|  | conducted by the attorney general. The attorney general shall |
|  | evaluate the data for compliance with the requirements set forth in |
|  | Section 610.002. |
|  | Sec. 610.004.  NOTICE OF VIOLATION OF CHAPTER; OPPORTUNITY |
|  | TO CURE.  (a)  Not later than the 30th day before bringing an action |
|  | under Section 610.005, the attorney general must give written |
|  | notice to the person or entity identifying the specific provisions |
|  | of this chapter that are or were being violated. |
|  | (b)  The attorney general may not bring an action against the |
|  | person or entity if the person or entity: |
|  | (1)  cures the identified violation within the 30-day |
|  | period; and |
|  | (2)  provides the attorney general a written statement |
|  | affirming that the person or entity has: |
|  | (A) cured the alleged violation; |
|  | (B)  provided supporting documentation to show |
|  | how the violation was cured; and |
|  | (C)  made changes to internal policies to prevent |
|  | the recurrence of any similar violation in the future. |
|  | Sec. 610.005.  ENFORCEMENT; CIVIL PENALTY; INJUNCTION. (a) |
|  | Except as provided by Section 610.006, the attorney general has |
|  | exclusive authority to enforce this chapter. |
|  | (b)  A person or entity who violates this chapter and fails |
|  | to cure the violation in accordance with Section 610.004, or who |
|  | breaches a written statement provided to the attorney general under |
|  | that section, is liable for a civil penalty in the amount of $10,000 |
|  | for each violation. |
|  | (c) The attorney general shall bring an action to: |
|  | (1) recover a civil penalty under this section; and |
|  | (2)  restrain or enjoin a person or entity from |
|  | violating this chapter. |
|  | (d)  The attorney general may recover reasonable attorney's |
|  | fees and other reasonable expenses incurred in investigating and |
|  | bringing an action under this section. |
|  | (e)  The attorney general shall deposit a civil penalty |
|  | collected under this section in the state treasury to the credit of |
|  | the general revenue fund. |
|  | Sec. 610.006.  PRIVATE RIGHT OF ACTION. (a) A person who has |
|  | used a payment card to purchase a firearm, ammunition for use in a |
|  | firearm, or a firearm accessory may bring an action against a |
|  | payment card issuer or payment card network to obtain: |
|  | (1)  a declaratory judgment under Chapter 37, Civil |
|  | Practice and Remedies Code, that the payment card issuer or payment |
|  | card network has violated Section 610.002; or |
|  | (2)  a judgment enjoining the payment card issuer or |
|  | payment card network from violating Section 610.002. |
|  | (b)  Except as provided by Subsection (a), this chapter may |
|  | not be construed as providing a basis for, or being subject to, a |
|  | private right of action for a violation of this chapter or any other |
|  | law. |
|  | SECTION 4. The changes in law made by Chapter 610, Business &amp; |
|  | Commerce Code, as added by this Act, apply only to a purchase of a |
|  | firearm, ammunition for use in a firearm, or a firearm accessory |
|  | that takes place on or after the effective date of this Act. |
|  | SECTION 5. If any provision of this Act or its application |
|  | to any person or circumstance is held invalid, the invalidity does |
|  | not affect other provisions or applications of this Act that can be |
|  | given effect without the invalid provision or application, and to |
|  | this end the provisions of this Act are declared to be severable. |
|  | SECTION 6. This Act takes effect September 1, 2023. |

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