# HB 5139: Providing a Legal Justification for Less-Lethal Force
Details Category: [Legislation](/research/legislation) Last Updated: Tuesday, May 6th 2025  - [HB 5139](https://capitol.texas.gov/tlodocs/89R/billtext/html/HB05139H.htm)
### Article Links
- [ Definition of Less-Lethal Force Weapon ](#plg_content_jumplinks0)
- [ Justification for Using Less-Lethal Force ](#plg_content_jumplinks1)
- [ Effective Date ](#plg_content_jumplinks2)
- [ Analysis ](#plg_content_jumplinks3)
HB 5139 is a legislative proposal that seeks to amend the Texas Penal Code by adding Section 9.55, which provides a legal justification for the use of less-lethal force by correctional facility guards and [peace officers](/concealed-carry-in-texas/getting-your-gun-back-from-police-after-its-been-confiscated "Getting Your Gun Back from Police").
## Definition of Less-Lethal Force Weapon
### What is a Less-Lethal Force Weapon?
A less-lethal force weapon is defined in Section 9.55(a) as any device or munition designed to expel a projectile against a target, minimizing the risk of serious bodily injury or death. This includes:
- Chemical dispensing devices
- Devices used to strike a person
- Stun guns
## Justification for Using Less-Lethal Force
### When is it Justified?
A guard employed by a correctional facility or a peace officer can use less-lethal force against another person if their actions are in substantial compliance with their [training](/concealed-carry-in-texas/concealed-carry-reciprocity-a-national-standard "Concealed Carry Reciprocity: A National Standard?"). This means that they must have been properly trained on the use of less-lethal force and have used it to achieve their official duties.
## Effective Date
### When Does this Law Take Effect?
The law takes effect immediately if two-thirds of all members elected to each house vote for its passage, as provided by Section 39, Article III, Texas Constitution. If not, the law will take effect on September 1, 2025.
## Analysis
This bill aims to provide a legal framework for correctional facility guards and peace officers to use less-lethal force when necessary. By doing so, it acknowledges that sometimes [de-escalation](/concealed-carry-in-texas/use-of-force-continuum-in-texas "Use of Force Continuum in Texas") techniques may not be sufficient, and a more controlled response is needed to minimize harm to all parties involved.
### Benefits
- Enhances officer safety by providing an alternative to lethal force
- Promotes the use of proportionate force in situations where escalation can be avoided
- Supports the development of de-escalation techniques and training programs for officers
### Drawbacks
- Raises concerns about the potential misuse of less-lethal force weapons
- May lead to inconsistent application of the law depending on individual officer discretion
Overall, this bill aims to strike a balance between protecting officers' safety and minimizing harm to others.
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